Article

Application Note: Mosaic Mapping for Analysis of Heterogeneous Battery Degradation

Batteries are intricate systems made up of various materials that undergo dynamic changes during operation. Gaining insight into the chemistry of interfacial layers, particularly those affected by degradation, is essential for designing next-generation battery materials with enhanced stability and longevity. To accurately assess the composition and compare samples in these heterogeneous systems, both small-area analysis and large-area sample examination are required. PHI XPS systems enable such measurements to be collected efficiently, automatically, and at many sample positions with the use of SmartMosaic®.

In this application note, imaging and spectral Mosaic maps were collected to study the cathode-electrolyte interface in cycled batteries with and without a protective coating. Results highlight morphological and chemical changes, showing the coating was effective at mitigating degradation.